PROJECT 1 (NOTE: Project 1 is very similar to CONFERENCE 1– this is by design as it allows students to adjust to geology & earth science as well as our class during the initial stages of the course). From IntroductionDefine geology, hypothesis, theory, and two other terms. Give substantive, complete, and original definitions that are your expressions of the terms or concepts—not cut-and-paste definitions. Use citations as appropriate to support your statements. From Chapter 1Define catastrophism, continental drift, lithification, rock cycle, superposition, uniformitarianism, and four other terms. Give substantive, complete, and original definitions that are your expressions of the terms or concepts—not cut-and-paste definitions. Use citations as appropriate to support your statements. From Chapter 2Define abyssal plain, continental shelf, deep sea trench, mid-ocean ridge, seismic belt, subduction, and four other terms. Give substantive, complete, and original definitions that are your expressions of the terms or concepts—not cut-and-paste definitions. Use citations as appropriate to support your statements.   PROJECT 2Visit the following United States Geological Survey (USGS) Dynamic Earth website: http://pubs.usgs.gov/publications/text/dynamic.html. Review the website and address the following: What are Glomar Challenger and JOIDES Resolution? What do they do? According to the maps and diagrams on the website, where are the major concentrations of the world’s earthquakes? Where do most of the earthquakes in Europe occur? What undersea hot springs were discovered in 1977? What is remarkable about these (and other) undersea hot springs? Briefly define the four types of plate boundaries and give an example of each. What is the Ring of Fire? Sketch/diagram and label an oceanic-continental convergent plate boundary. What are hot spots? Where are some prominent hot spots?   PROJECT 3From Chapter 5What are the major chemical groups that comprise minerals (silicates, phosphorites, carbonates, salts. . . )? Give an example of a mineral in each group. Be substantive and original in your response—do not provide cut-and-paste text. Use citations as appropriate to support your statements. From Chapter 5Define batholith, dike, laccolith, pluton, sill, intrusive, and extrusive. Give substantive, complete, and original definitions that are your expressions of the terms or concepts—not cut-and-paste definitions. Use citations as appropriate to support your statements. From Chapter 7Define caldera, flood basalt, pyroclastic rock, shield volcano, and phreatic eruption. Give substantive, complete, and original definitions that are your expressions of the terms or concepts—not cut-and-paste definitions. Use citations as appropriate to support your statements. From Chapter 7Define bedding, evaporite, fossil, strata, and detrital sediment. Give substantive, complete, and original definitions that are your expressions of the terms or concepts—not cut-and-paste definitions. Use citations as appropriate to support your statements. From Chapter 8Define regional metamorphism, shock metamorphism, contact metamorphism, and burial metamorphism. Give substantive, complete, and original definitions that are your expressions of the terms or concepts—not cut-and-paste definitions. Use citations as appropriate to support your statements.   PROJECT 4From Chapter 15Sketch/diagram and label the carbon cycle. Define soil horizon, mechanical weathering, chemical weathering, spheroidal weathering, and leaching. Give substantive, complete, and original definitions that are your expressions of the terms or concepts—not cut-and-paste definitions. Use citations as appropriate to support your statements. From Chapter 15Define creep, landslide, permafrost, solifluction, and talus. Give substantive, complete, and original definitions that are your expressions of the terms or concepts—not cut-and-paste definitions. Use citations as appropriate to support your statements. From Chapter 16Sketch/diagram and label the hydrologic cycle. Define stream divide, stream piracy, dendritic drainage, dissolved load, natural levee, suspended load, meander cutoff, ultimate base level, and two other terms. Give substantive, complete, and original definitions that are your expressions of the terms or concepts—not cut-and-paste definitions. Use citations as appropriate to support your statements.   PROJECT 5Visit the Center for Cave and Karst Studies (http://caveandkarst.wku.edu/). Discuss dye tracing. Discuss recent media reports of SINKHOLES in FLORDIA. Mention or briefly discuss the activities of the FLORDIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY pertinent to sinkholes in that state.  Go to www.GEOLOGY.COM to research recent  issues related to sinkholes in USA. In general, how do most or many HOME INSURANCE policies address sinkholes? Briefly describe the two (2) major earth science programs of the each of following governmental agencies: o    USGS: www.usgs.govo    U.S. Department of Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement (BOEMRE): http://www.boemre.gov/o    U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Coastal & Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL): http://chl.erdc.usace.army.mil/  PROJECT 6From Chapter 13Define rain shadow, desertification, dune, inselberg, loess, desert, and four other terms. Give substantive, complete, and original definitions that are your expressions of the terms or concepts—not cut-and-paste definitions. Use citations as appropriate to support your statements. From Chapter 14Define barrier island, estuary, longshore current, neap tide, spit, spring tide, tombolo, and three other terms. Give substantive, complete, and original definitions that are your expressions of the terms or concepts—not cut-and-paste definitions. Use citations as appropriate to support your statements. From Chapter 18Define oil trap, ore, placer deposit, nonrenewable resource, secondary enrichment, geothermal energy, cap rock, and three other terms. Give substantive, complete, and original definitions that are your expressions of the terms or concepts—not cut-and-paste definitions. Use citations as appropriate to support your statements.   Midterm ExamAddresses course outcomes: describe the origin and composition of Earth and its physical evolution through geologic time to appreciate the time scale of naturally occurring processes, including biological evolution use knowledge about the origin, structure, and content of the continental and oceanic crusts and their relationship to plate tectonics to communicate the impact of human activity and natural disasters on the geological environment apply knowledge of the distinction between rocks and minerals to make decisions and draw conclusions about their roles in natural processes and human use use knowledge about energy resources and mineral resources to recognize the economic impact of their distribution on society demonstrate an understanding of the effects of ground and surface water on the morphology of Earth to explain erosion and deposition and water quality and quality The midterm will cover topics discussed in the first four weeks of the course. These topics are scientific reasoning, origin of Earth, continental and oceanic crusts, plate tectonics, geologic time and how to measure it, rocks and minerals, and evolution. The midterm will include multiple-choice, short-answer, and essay questions.   Final ExamAddresses all course outcomes: describe the origin and composition of Earth and its physical evolution through geologic time to appreciate the time scale of naturally occurring processes, including biological evolution use knowledge about the origin, structure, and content of the continental and oceanic crusts and their relationship to plate tectonics to communicate the impact of human activity and natural disasters on the geological environment apply knowledge of the distinction between rocks and minerals to make decisions and draw conclusions about their roles in natural processes and human use use knowledge about energy resources and mineral resources to recognize the economic impact of their distribution on society demonstrate an understanding of the effects of ground and surface water on the morphology of Earth to explain erosion and deposition and water quality and quality The final exam will cover concepts discussed in the first four weeks of the course as well as in the latter four weeks. In addition to those topics listed above for the midterm exam, the exam will include volcanoes, earthquakes, water, water quality, human impact, environmental quality, renewable and nonrenewable resources, and energy. The final will include multiple-choice, short-answer, and essay questions.